Artificial Intelligence and Systems of the Earth is a book about the potential and capabilities of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) for studying the Earth. It aims to serve as an eye-opener on new avenues of scientific research that can be enabled by AI/ML. This is not meant to be a ‘how to’ book but is written to answer the question ‘what if’. It explains how these tools are currently being applied, and the new opportunities they have opened. Through many examples and application ideas from outside the Earth Sciences, the book discusses some of the most prevalent types of AI in current use, the future of AI hardware, and how AI/ML bring about change. Features Provides accessible and compact coverage on the many uses AI in Earth Science. Covers AI, deep learning, and causal modeling concepts in an easy-to-understand language. Contains a chapter on generative AI and its specific strengths and challenges. Includes descriptions of computer hardware for AI and where it is headed. Offers a companion website with regularly updated content. This book is an excellent resource for researchers, academics, graduate, and senior undergraduate students in Earth Science and Environmental Science and Engineering, who wish to learn how AI and ML can benefit them, its potential applications, and capabilities.