Topics discuses are: use new genetic technologies and animal breeding methods carefully to avoid problems (introduction); domestication to Dolly and beyond (a brief history of animal modification); good for whom (differences between human and animal enhancement); working equids (the welfare of those worked to their limit); genetics and other technologies for increasing the productivity of cattle, sheep and pigs (welfare implications); technologies for increasing the productivity of poultry (welfare implications); selective breeding, cloning and gene editing of dogs and cats for appearance and performance traits; methods to increase fish production (welfare and sustainability implications); welfare concerns in genetically modified laboratory mice and rats; cloning, editing and GMOs for animal enhancement; from bionic cat to superdog (ethical challenges of advanced prosthetic technology in veterinary medicine); animal welfare and the brave new world of modifying animals; a duty to the enhanced, not a duty to enhance (welfare responsibilities associated with domestication); pressing animals beyond their biological limits; and animals pushed to their limits (conclusion). This book is intended for farm owners and managers, geneticists, animal scientists, veterinarians and students.